We've all seen solar-powered street signs or photovoltaic
Backyard Revolution Review panels being used for various purposes at remote locations. When those units become cracked or chipped and are considered "unsafe," companies are compelled to replace them, generally to avoid liability issues. Because it's difficult to dispose of PV panels, many companies, if approached, are willing to give them away or to sell them for modest prices.
Depending on the degree of damage present, expect to see performance degradation in the range of 10% to 60%. If you find a lightly used 22-watt panel and subtract 10% for chips or a crack, you're still looking at a productive capacity of roughly 19 watts. A multimeter can be used to test the panel for amp and wattage capacity before buying. If the panel's free, take it anyway. It could still be useful in a home solar project.
A solar panel is really nothing but a box serving as a container for an array of solar cells. Factory second solar cells are routinely sold on eBay at a fraction of their regular cost. The cells come in a variety of sizes. You will need to figure out how much power a single cell produces to determine how many will need to be wired together to form an array. A 3 x 6 cell will produce roughly.5 volt, so 36 would be needed to generate 18 volts of power.
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